We find that firms’ left-tail risk is a strong positive predictor of future returns of bear spreads, an option trading strategy that provides downside protection on the underlying. Bear spreads of high (low) left-tail risk firms earn positive (negative) returns, suggesting that the downside protection they provide is not adequately priced and the options market underreacts to firms’ left-tail risk. This underreaction is stronger when the underlying stocks experience larger recent losses and are closer to their 52-week lows, and when information uncertainty and investor sentiment are high. Our finding is consistent with a behavioral rather than a risk-based explanation.
Keywords: Bear spread, Left-tail risk, Behavioral bias, Equity options, Underreaction
JEL Classification: G12, G13, G14